论新闻侵权的成因及应对之策
谭敏涛
【摘要】新闻的价值在于真实，而新闻真实的标准却往往总是和客观事实的标准有着必然的冲突。在新闻工作者追求客观地报道新闻事实时，总是由于种种非主观方面的限制而导致所报道出的新闻事实与客观事实有一定的差距。这种差距的间隔在叙述某一事实时不经然的会涉及到相关新闻主体的利益纷争。当新闻所报道的主体利益受到侵犯时，伴随着现今时代中国民众权利意识的觉醒，以诉讼的方式补救权利已成为多数人的不二选择。本文即试图站在现有的新闻侵权案件的类型化下，以论证符合中国国情的新闻侵权成因为基点，并在分析的尺度上为新闻单位和从业人员提供大致的应对新闻侵权之策和预防之法。限于学生的学识有限，更限于学生的认知广度，仅仅是在以现有的制度框架为蓝本，以求对中国新闻侵权的完善制度创立有所裨益。（Abstract: The value of news is true, but the real news standards are often always the standards and objective facts have inevitable conflicts. In pursuit of journalists to report news objectively at the facts, always a variety of non-subjective result of the restrictions on the news reported by the facts and the objective facts have a gap. This gap in the interval described as a fact, not a matter of chance will involve the interests of the main news related disputes. When the news reported by the main interests have been violated, along with the Chinese people right now times the awakening of the awareness, the way to remedy the rights litigation has become the majority. Ending choice. This paper is trying to stand on the existing information of the type of infringement cases, in line with China''s national conditions so as to demonstrate infringement causes anchored news and analysis of the scale for media organizations and practitioners to provide broad strategy for dealing with news and the prevention of violations of the law. Limited knowledge to the students, but also to students breadth of knowledge, is only in the framework of the existing system modeled on the China News infringement to the improvement of the system founded benefits.）
【关键词】新闻传播；新闻侵权；解决对策（Key words: media news ; infringement ; Solutions）
【全文】
伴随着我国经济社会的发展和公民社会改革的逐步推进，随着民众权利意识的觉醒和维权意识的提高，在现有的司法制度和现实社会下新闻侵权诉讼这种可以突现新闻自由与新闻监督冲突、公民个人隐私与民众知情权冲突、公民个人利益与公共利益权衡冲突的诉讼类型不断涌现。新闻侵权是伴随着媒体事业的迅速发展而在新闻传播的过程中由于媒体工作者故意或是过失实施的传播行为侵害了他人人格权，并由此导致他人人格利益受到侵害的不法行为。①从新闻价值的角度分析，新闻的真实性原则是新闻从业人员首先要予以坚守的第一原则。只有坚持真实性的原则下，所叙述的事实和所评论的事件才能经得起历史的检验，并可以引导大众舆论走向健康向上的发展方向。而当新闻从业人员违背新闻的真实性原则时，由于所叙述的事实和评论的事件与客观事实不符，而不符的叙述与评论势必对民众的知情权构成潜在的影响与侵害。当民众因为误导的信息而对某一新闻当事人的人格利益降低评价或是对某一组织的名誉降低认可时即而就导致新闻侵权的发生。
一、新闻侵权的释义及其新闻侵权的成因
