The Environmental Pollution Control Act (EPCA) came into operation on 1 Apr 1999.　The Act consolidates the previous separate laws on air, water and noise pollution and hazardous substances control, to provide a comprehensive legislative framework for the control of environmental pollution.　The PCD has developed a Code of Practice for Pollution Control (COPPC) on pollution control requirements for the submission of development proposals and building plans to prevent pollution by proper land use planning.　Through compliance if the prescribed wastewater discharge and air emission standards and strict control on the handling of hazardous substances and toxic wastes, the environment is protected.　Although preventive measures are in place, minor leaks and discharges may accumulate over time and result in land contamination.
　　
　　
　　Regulations on Land Contamination
　　
　　The NEA adopted several foreign guidelines to safeguard the health of the general public in the reuse of contaminated sites for more sensitive uses.　Dutch and ASTM Standards and New Zealand Guidelines are listed by the NEA as recommended guidelines to be adopted for any site assessment and remediation works.　The NEA had refined their guidelines and in 2002, the guidelines on site assessment and remediation were being incorporated into the Code of Practice for Pollution Control (COPPC).　It is specified in the COPPC that when a site previously used for ‘pollutive’ industrial purposes is to be redeveloped for other more sensitive uses, an environmental site assessment needs to be conducted on the site to ensure that the level of contamination is within acceptable standard for the intended use.
　　
　　
　　State owned land in Singapore is governed by the Singapore Land Authority (SLA).　The industrial land in Singapore is managed by the managing agency, Jurong Town Corporation (JTC).　The two authorities are required to operate in compliance to NEA requirements and the local regulations.

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