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1906年《海上保险法》

 ((2) Subject to the provisions of section eleven of the Finance Act, 1901, a time policy which is made for any time exceeding twelve months is invalid.)
 25.(1)在保险合同承保保险标的“在和从”或“从”某一地点运送至另一地点或其他地点之场合,该保险单称作“航次保险单”;在保险合同承保保险标的某一段固定期间之情况下,该保险单叫做“定期保险单”。同一保险单可以同时承保航次和定期保险的合同。
 (2)(该款已废除。译者注)
  
  第26条 指定标的(Designation of subject-matter)
 26(1).The subject-matter insured must be designated in a marine policy with reasonable certainty.
 (2) The nature and extent of the interest of the assured in the subject-matter insured need not be specified in the policy.
 (3) Where the policy designates the subject-matter insured in general terms ,it shall be construed to apply to the interest intended by the assured to be covered.
 (4) In the application of this section regard shall be had to any usage regulating the designation of the subject-matter insured.
  26(1)保险标的必须在海上保险单中合理确定地标明。
  (2)被保险人对于保险标的利益的性质和范围无需在保险单中明确规定。
  (3)在保险单用一般术语标明保险标的之场合,应解释为适用于被保险人意图投保的利益。
  (4)在适用本条规定时,还应考虑制约保险标的指定的任何习惯。
  第27条 定值保险单(Valued policy)
 27.(1) A policy may be either valued or unvalued
 (2) A valued policy is a policy, which specifies the agreed value of the subject-matter insured.
 (3) Subject to the provisions of this Act, and the absence of fraud, the value fixed by the policy is, as between the insurer and assured, conclusive of the insurable value of the subject intended to be insured, whether the loss be total or partial.
 (4) Unless the policy otherwise provides, the value fixed by the policy is not conclusive for the purpose of determining whether there has been a constructive total loss.
 27.(1) 保险单可以是定值保险单,也可以是不定值保险单。
 (2)定值保险单指载明保险标的的约定价值的保险单。
 (3)除本法条款另有规定外,若不存在欺骗,不论损失是全损或部分损失,保险单确定的价值即为保险人与被保险人之间意图对标的物投保的确定保险价值。
  (4) 除保险单另有规定外,就确定是否构成推定全损而言,保险单约定的价值并非终结性的。
  第28条 不定值保险单(Unvalued policy)
 28. An unvalued policy is a policy which does not specify the value of the subject-matter insured, but, subject to the limit of the sum insured, leaves the insurable value to be subsequently ascertained, in the manner herein before specified.
 28.不定值保险单指未载明保险标的的价值的保险单,但受保险金额制约,按前述规定将保险价值留待以后确定。
  第29条 船舶预约保险单(Floating policy by ship or ships)
 29.(1) A floating policy is a policy which describes the insurance in general terms, and leaves the name of the ship or ships and other particulars to be defined by subsequent declaration.
 (2) The subsequent declaration or declarations may be made by endorsement on the policy, or in other customary manner.
 (3) Unless the policy otherwise provides, the declarations must be made in the order of dispatch or shipment. They must, in the case of goods, comprise all consignments within the terms of the policy, and the value of the goods or other property must be honestly stated, but an omission or erroneous declaration may be rectified even after loss or arrival, provided the omission or declaration was made in good faith.
 (4) Unless the policy otherwise provides, where a declaration of value is not made until after notice of loss or arrival, the policy must be treated as an unvalued policy as regards the subject to matter of that declaration.
 29.(1) 预约保险单是指保险单仅作笼统的规定,将船舶的名称和其他事项在以后申报中确定。
 (2)这种后来进行的申报, 可用批单形式在保险单上批注,也可按其他习惯方式进行。
 (3)除非保险单另有规定,申报应按装运的前后依次进行。如果是货物,申报必须包括保险单规定条件之内的全部货物运输。货物或其他财产的价值,必须诚实说明,但善意的漏报或误报,即便在发生损失或货物抵达之后,也可以进行更正。
 (4)除非保险单另有规定,在收到损失通知或抵达之前未申报价值的情况下,对该申报的标的物,保险单应视为不定值保险单。
  第30条 保险单术语的解释(Construction of terms in policy)
 30.(1) A policy may be in the form in the First Schedule to this Act.
 (2) Subject to the provisions of this Act, and unless the context of the policy otherwise requites, the terms and expressions mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act shall be construed as having the scope and meaning in that Schedule assigned to them.
 30,(1) 保险单可按本法所附第一附件的式样签订。
 (2)根据本法规定,除非保险单内容另有其他要求,本法所附第一附件内的术语及措词,应按赋予该附件规定的词意和范围解释。
  第31条 待安排的保险费(Premium to be arranged)
 31.(1) Where an insurance is effected at a premium to be arranged, and no arrangements is made, a reasonable premium is payable.
 (2) Where an insurance is effected on the terms that an additional premium is to be arranged in a given event, and that event happens, but no arrangement is made, then a reasonable additional premium is payable.
 31.(1)在待安排的保险费倘未确定而保险业已生效之场合,被保险人应支付合理的保险费。
 (2)在某一事件发生时,保险继续有效以某一待安排的附加保险费为条件之情况下,若事件发生时,倘未商定该附加保费,则被保险人应支付合理的附加保费。
  重复保险(Double Insurance)
  第32条 重复保险(Double insurance)
 32.(1) Where two or more policies are effected by or on behalf of the assured on the same adventure and interest or any part thereof, and the sums insured exceed the indemnity allowed by this Act, the assured is said to be over-insured by double insurance
 (2) Where the assured is over-insured by double insurance-
  (a) The assured, unless the policy otherwise provides, may claim payment from the insurers in such order as he may think fit, provided that he is not entitled to receive any sum in excess of the indemnity allowed by this Act;
  (b) Where the policy under which the assured claims is a valued policy, the assured must give credit as against the valuation for any sum received by him under any other policy without regard to the actual value of the subject-matter insured;
  (c) Where the policy under which the assured claims is an unvalued policy he must give credit, as against the full insurable value, for any sum received by him under any other policy;
  (d) Where the assured receives any sum in excess of the indemnity allowed by this Act, he is deemed to hold such sum in trust for the insurers according to their right of contribution among themselves.
  32.(1)当被保险人或其代表,就同一冒险和利益或其中的一部分订立了两份以上的保险单,且保险金额超过本法所允许的赔偿限额时,被保险人即被视为因重复保险而超额保险。
  (2)在被保险人因重复保险而超额保险之场合:
 (a) 除非保险单另有规定,被保险人可根据自已认为合适的顺序,依次向其保险人索赔,但他所得金额不得超过本法允许的赔偿限额;
 (b) 如果被保险人凭以索赔的保险单是一份定值保险单,被保险人必须将其他保险单项下他已收取的任何数额从约定保险价值中扣除,无需考虑保险标的的实际价值;
   (c)如果被保险人据以索赔的保险单是一份不定值保险单,被保险人必须将其他保险单项下他已收取的数额从全部保险价值中扣除;
 (d) 若被保险人得到的金额超过本法所允许的赔偿额,则此种超出金额即被视为由被保险人代各保险人托管,由保险人按他们之间的分摊权利摊回。
  各项保证等(Warranties, etc.)
  第33条 保证的性质(Nature of warranty)
 33.(1) A warranty, in the following sections relating to warranties, means a promissory warranty, that is to say, a warranty by which the assured undertakes that some particular thing shall or shall not be done, or that some condition shall be fulfilled, or whereby he affirms or negatives the existence of a particular state of facts.
 (2) A warranty may be express or implied.
 (3) A warranty, as above defined, is a condition which must be exactly complied with, whether it be material to the risk or not. If it be not so complied with, then, subject to any express provision in the policy, the insurer is discharged from liability as from the date of the breach of warranty, but without prejudice to any liability incurred by him before that date.
 33.(1)保证(下述各条有关保证)是指允诺性的保证,即被保险人保证去做或不去做某种特定事情,或履行某项条件,或者肯定或否定存在某些事实的特定状态。
 (2)保证可以明示或默示。
 (3)按照上述定义,无论保证对风险是否重要,均是一种必须严格遵守的条件。如果被保险人不如此遵守之,除非保险单另有明示规定,从被保险人违反保证之日起,保险人解除责任,但不妨碍在违反保证之前产生的任何责任。
  第34条 何时可免除违反保证(When breach of warranty excused)
  34.(1)Non-compliance with a warranty is excused when, by reason of a change of circumstances, the warranty ceases to be applicable to the circumstances of the contract, or when compliance with the warranty is rendered unlawful by any subsequent law.
  (2) Where a warranty is broken, the assured cannot avail himself of the defence that the breach has been remedied, and the warranty complied with, before loss.
  (3) A breach of warranty may be waived by the insurer.
 (1) 由于情况变化,保证不再适用于合同情况,或遵循该保证被任何后来的法律视为非法等情况下,不遵循该保证可以免责。
 (2) 如果一项保证已被破坏,则被保险人不能以在发生损失前违反已得到弥补,保证已得到遵守的理由为自已辩护。
 (3) 保险人可以放弃保证的违反。
  
  第35条 明示保证(Express warranties)
  35.(1) An express warranty may be in any form of words from which the intention to warrant is to be inferred.
  (2) An express warranty must be included in, or written upon, the policy, or must be contained in some document incorporated by reference into the policy.


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