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The insurable value, in the case of a steamship, includes also the machinery, boilers, and coals and engine stores if owned by the assured, and, in the case of a ship engaged in a special trade, the ordinary fittings requisite for that trade:
(2) In insurance on freight, whether paid in advance or otherwise, the insurable value is the gross amount of the freight at the risk of the assured, plus the charges of insurance:
(3) In insurance on goods or merchandise, the insurable value is the prime cost of the property insured, plus the expenses of and incidental to shipping and the charges of insurance upon the whole:
(4) In insurance on any other subject-matter, the insurable value is the amount at the risk of the assured when the policy attaches, plus the charges of insurance.
16．除保险单的明文规定或定值外， 保险标的的保险价值，必须按下列规定确定：
（1）在船舶保险中，保险价值是风险开始时的船舶价值，包括船舶的装备、全体船员的食物与其他物料、预付给船员的工资以及为使船舶适合航行于保险单载明的航程或海上冒险所可能产生的其他垫付费用加上全部保险费用。
对蒸汽机船舶，船舶的保险价值还应包括机器、锅炉、被保险人拥有的燃料煤和机舱物料，而如果船舶用于特殊贸易，则还需包括适合该贸易的通常装备。
（2）在运费保险中，无论运费是否预付，保险价值是指被保险人处于风险中的总运费加上保险费。
（3）在货物或商品保险中，保险价值是该保险财产的成本价格，加上海运费和与海运有关的费用，及全部海运过程中的保险费用。
（4）在其他保险中，保险价值是保险单生效时被保险人处于风险中的金额加上保险费用。
告知和陈述（Disclosure and Representation）
第17条 保险是最大诚信（Insurance is uberrimae fidei）
17．A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith and, if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party.
17．海上保险合同是建立在最大诚信基础上的合同，如果任何一方不遵守最大诚信，他方可以撤消该合同。
第18条 被保险人的告知（Disclosure by assured）
18.(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the assured must disclose to the insurer, before the contract is concluded, every material circumstance which is known to the assured, and the assured is deemed to know every circumstance which, in the ordinary course of business, ought to be known by him. If the assured fails to make such disclosure, the insurer may avoid the contract.
(2) Every circumstance is material, which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk.
(3) In the absence of inquiry the following circumstances need not be disclosed, namely:-
(a) Any circumstance which diminishes the risks;
(b) Any circumstance which is known or presumed to be known to the insurer. The insurer is presumed to know matters of common notoriety or knowledge, and matters which an insurer in the ordinary course of his business, as such, ought to know;
(c) Any circumstance as to which information is waived by the insurer;
(d) Any circumstance which it is superfluous to disclose by reason of any express or implied warranty.
(4) Whether any particular circumstance, which is not disclosed, be material or not is, in each case, a question of fact.
(5) The term “circumstance” includes any communication made to, or information received by, the assured.
18.(1) 根据本条的规定，在订立合同前，被保险人必须向保险人告知其所知的一切重要情况。被保险人应视为知道在通常业务过程中他应当知晓的每一情况。若被保险人未作此种告知，保险人可以撤消合同。
(2) 影响谨慎的保险人确定保险费的决定或决定是否承保该项风险的每一情况，即属重要情况。
(3) 对下列情况如果保险人未问及，被保险人无需告知：
(a) 减少风险的任何情况；
(b) 保险人知道或被认为应该知道的情况；保险人应该知晓众所周知的事情，以及他在通常业务中应该知晓的一般情况；
(c) 保险人不要求被保险人告知的情况；
(d) 由于明文或默示的保证条款，被保险人无需告知的事项。
(4) 在每一案件中，未告知的任何特别情况是否重要，属事实问题。
(5) “情况”一词包括送给被保险人的通知和其收到的消息。
第19条 投保代理人的告知（Disclosure by agent effecting insurance）
19．Subject to the provisions of the preceding section as to circumstances which need not be disclosed where an insurance is effected for the assured by an agent, the agent must disclose to the insurer-
(a) Every material circumstance which is known to himself, and an agent to insure is deemed to know every circumstance which in the ordinary course of business ought to be known by, or to have been communicated to, him; and
(b) Every material circumstance which the assured is bound to disclose, unless it came to his knowledge too late to communicate it to the agent.
19.若由代理人为被保险人投保,除按前条各款规定无需告知的各有关事项外,该代理人必须向保险人告知:
(a) 他所知道的每一重要情况,保险代理人视为知晓其在通常业务中应当知晓或被保险人已通知他的每一情况;
(b) 及被保险人有义务告知的每一重要情况,除非他得知该情况过迟,无法及时通知该代理人.
第20条 协商合同时的陈述（Representations pending negotiation of contract ）
20.①Every material representation made by the assured or his agent to the insurer during the negotiations for the contract and before the contract is concluded, must be true. If it be untrue the insurer may avoid the contract.
②A representation is material which would influence the judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing the premium, or determining whether he will take the risk.
③A representation may be either a representation as to a matter of fact, or as to a matter of expectation or belief.
④A representation as to a matter of fact is true, if it be substantially correct, that is to say, if the difference between what is represented and what is actually correct would not be considered material by a prudent insurer.
⑤A representation as to a matter of expectation or belief is true if it be made in good faith.
⑥A representation may be withdrawn or corrected before the contract is concluded.
⑦Whether a particular representation be material or not is, in each case, a question of fact.
20 ①在协商合同期间及订立合同前,被保险人或其代理人向保险人作出的每一重要陈述必须真实,若其不真实,保险人可以撤消合同.
②影响谨慎的保险人确定保险费的评价或决定是否承保该项风险的陈述,即为重要陈述.
③一项陈述既可以是有关事实,也可以是关于期望或是关于信念的陈述.
④若一项关于事实的陈述实质上是准确的,它便是真实的,亦即,如果陈述内容与实际情况有差异,谨慎的保险人并不认为是重要的.
⑤若被保险人依诚信作出期望或信念的陈述,该陈述即是真实的.
⑥陈述在订立合同前可以撤回或更正.
⑦在每一案件中,某一特定的陈述是否重要,属事实问题.
第21条 何时合同视为成立（When contract is deemed to be concluded）
21．A contract of marine insurance is deemed to be concluded when the proposal of the assured is accepted by the insurer, whether the policy be then issued or not and, for the purpose of showing when the proposal was accepted, reference may be made to the slip or covering note or other customary memorandum of the contract.
21．保险人接受被保险人的投保单后，无论当时是否已签发保险单，海上保险合同应视为已经成立；为表明该投保单何时被接受，可以参考承保条或暂保单或其他合同习惯的备忘录。
保险单（The Policy）
第22条 合同必须包含在保险单内（Contract must be embodied in policy）
22. Subject to the provisions of any statute, a contract of marine insurance is inadmissible in evidence unless it is embodied in a marine policy in accordance with this Act. The policy may be executed and issued either at the time when the contract is concluded, or afterwards.
22．受任何法律规定的制约，海上保险合同不能作为诉讼的证据，除非包含在符合本法的海上保险单内。保险单可在海上保险合同成立时或以后签发。
第23条 保险单必须载明的事项（What policy must specify）
23. A marine policy must specify-
(1) The name of the assured, or of some person who effects the insurance on his behalf;
(2) The subject-matter insured and the risk insured against;
(3) The voyage, or period of time, or both, as the case may be, covered by the insurance;
(4) The sum or sums insured;
(5) The name or names of the insurance.
23．海上保险单必须载明下列事项：
（1）被保险人或代被保险人投保的人的名称；
（2）保险标的和承保险别
（3）保险承保的航程或期间，或同时承保航程和期间两者，视情况而定
（4）保险金额
（5）保险人的名称。
（本条第2，3，4，5款已被英国1959年《财政法》废除。译者注）
第24条 保险人签署（Signature of insurer）
24.(1) A marine policy must be signed by or on behalf of the insurer, provided that in the case of a corporation the corporate seal may be sufficient, but nothing in this section shall be construed as requiring the subscription of a corporation to be under seal.
(2) Where a policy is subscribed by or on behalf of two or more insurers, each subscription, unless the contrary by expressed, constitutes a distinct contract with the assured.
24．（1）海上保险单必须由保险人或其代表签署，假如是（保险）公司出具保险单，则加盖公司印章即可；但不能把本条规定解释为要求公司签署加盖印章。
（2）在保险单是由两个或两个以上认可保险份额的保险人或其代表出具之情况下，除非另有明示相反约定，每一签署构成与被保险人的独立合同。
第25条 航次保险单和定期保险单（Voyage and time policies）
25.(1) Where the contract is to insure the subject-matter at and from, or from one place to another or others, the policy is called a “voyage policy” and where the contract is to insure the subject-matter for a definite period of time the policy is called a “time policy”. A contract for both voyage and time may be included in the same policy.
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