格老秀斯：《战争与和平法》（绪论），北京大学出版社，1988年版，第139-140页。
转引自赵建文：《关于国家主权的性质和地位的理论演进》，郑州大学学报，2000年第6期，第113页。
依据《联合国章程》，联合国大会所通过的决议，一般而言，并不具有法律效力，但联大决议可以表述出国际习惯法规则。这一段规定的英文表述为：”All states enjoy sovereign equality. They have equal rights and duties and are equal members of the international community, notwithstanding differences of an economic, social, political or other nature. In particular, sovereign equality includes the following elements: (a) States are juridically equal; (b)Each state enjoys the rights inherent in full sovereignty; (c)Each state has the duty to respect the personality of other states; (d)The territorial integrity and political independence of the state are inviolable; (e)Each state has the right freely to choose and develop its political, social economic and cultural systems; (f)Each state has the duty to comply fully and in good faith with its international obligations and to live in peace with other states.”
詹宁斯、瓦茨：《奥本海国际法》第一卷第一分册，王铁崖等译，275页，北京，中国大百科全书出版社，1995。
纪玉祥：《全球化与当代资本主义的新变化》，载于俞可平、黄卫平主编：《全球化的悖论》，中央编译出版社，1998版，第35页。
莫纪宏：《论国际人权公约与国内
宪法的关系》，CASS-KAS国际条约与国内法关系学术讨论会（1999年，上海）会议论文。
非政府组织也在某些领域对国家行为以直接或间接的影响（可参见：Edith Brown Weiss, The New
International Legal System, In Nandasiri Jasentuliyana, Edited, Perspectives on International Law, Kluwer Law International, 1995, 67-69.）但从与国家的关系上看，非政府组织的地位与公司和个人的地位大致相同。
