浅析恢复性司法中的刑罚思想
帅士刃
【摘要】现代
刑法理论普遍认为
刑法对犯罪处以严厉刑罚的原因在于犯罪行为给社会造成了严重的危害,对国家的统治秩序形成了极大的冲击。为了维护法律秩序的稳定和保障社会整体利益不被侵犯,国家便运用手中的刑罚权以遏制该危害社会行为的蔓延。因而在犯罪是孤立的个人反对统治阶级关系以及刑罚是社会防卫的手段之一等主流理论的倡导下,国家和社会成了刑事案件的被害人,惩罚犯罪的权利也就自然而然地归国家垄断所有。在这样一个以犯罪人和国家为中心的刑事司法模式中,犯罪行为所直接侵害的个人往往被忽视,被侵犯的权益并没有因为国家对犯罪行为的惩罚而得以恢复,刑罚的运用仅能给予抽象性的心理抚慰,这些具体的被害人仍然深陷于权益受损的痛苦之中。因此,以被害人为中心旨在修复和补偿被侵害的法益的恢复性司法理念逐渐引起了人们的重视。人们在对传统刑罚理念的质疑和批判的同时,加速了刑罚目的和功能的多元化进程。
The modern criminal law theory thoughtgenerally the criminal law lay in the criminality to the crime place by thesevere penalty reason to cause the serious harm to the society, has formed theenormous impact to the national dominant order. In order to maintain the legalorder stable and the safeguard society overall benefit is not encroached, thecountry then utilizes in the hand the penalty power to contain this harmsociety behavior the spread. Thus in the crime is the isolated individualopposition ruling class relations as well as the penalty is one of socialdefense methods and so on under the mainstream theory initiatives, the countryand the society became the criminal case victim, the penalty crime right havealso possessed on naturally the ground-return state monopoly. In such one takethe crime person and the country as in the central criminal judicature pattern,criminality direct violation individual is often neglected, but the rights andinterests which encroaches because of the country to the criminality penaltyhave not been able to restore, the penalty utilization only can giveabstractness psychology to comfort, these concrete victims still the depth inthe pain which suffered injury in the rights and interests. Therefore, waskilled the artificial center to be for the purpose of repairing and thecompensation the law profit recoverable judicial idea which violated has beencaused gradually people''s value. The people while to the traditional penaltyidea question and critique, have accelerated the penalty goal and the functionmultiplex advancement.