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猫头鹰的大眼

  原文:Habebant et illa studia, quae honesta vocabantur, ductum suum intuentem fora litigiosa, ut excellerem in eis, hoc laudabilior, quo fraudulentior. tanta est caecitas hominum de caecitate etiam gloriantium.
  大意:那些所谓“高尚之学”还把我引向了法庭,一时雄心勃勃,诈术越精,越能博人赞誉。人之盲目竟然若此,连自己的看不见也可以吹嘘!
  人人丛书(2001):My studies, too -- ''the liberal arts'', as they were called -- were leading me in a direction of their own; they led me towards ''the brawling law courts'', intending me to excel in them; for the better I could deceive, the more I would be praised. Such is the blindness of men that they boast even of their own blindness.
  沃茨译本(1631):Those studies of mine also which were accounted commendable, were intended towards the Law, with an ambition to prove excellent at them; so much the famouser as I proved the craftier. Such is men''s blindness, that they even brag of their own owleyedness.
  新译其实不错,中规中矩,学院派英文。但沃茨的语言驾驭能力明显高出一筹,且风格近于原文的虬枝蔓延:so much the famouser as I proved the craftier;相比之下,新译的老实简直像期末论文:for the better I could deceive, the more I would be praised。尤其旧译结尾一字“owleyedness”点题,全段皆活:像猫头鹰一般,白天睁个大眼,什么也看不清----英美人好用猫头鹰喻人呆瞎:as stupid/blind as an owl----蠢笨到了这田地,还洋洋得意!
  的确,单就字面意思而言,新译比旧译严谨。然而正如前文分析,翻译之道,不在字句的对应。圣保罗有言:字句叫人死,精神令人活(《哥林多后书》3:6)。意谓基督徒侍奉主的新约,不能拘泥于摩西之律的字句(gramma),不必坚持诸如割礼、饮食禁忌和全燔祭仪式的规定,而应当守护其精神(pneuma,本义风、气,转指精义、神气);即按照新约的立场和寓意象征来重新理解“旧约”,指导信仰者的行动。同理,翻译化为创作,字句的“忠实”虽然要紧,但还不足以使译文摆脱平庸而将“须臾之物镌诸不朽之文字”。译本的真生命或竞争的胜出,最终靠的是它的精神、它的意境。
  
  二零零五年六月,原载《南方周末》2006.6.1


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