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《欧洲共同体条约》第226条规定：“如果欧洲委员会认为一成员国未能履行本条约规定的义务，那么它应对此作出理由充分的决定，但是必须给予有关成员国发表意见的机会。如果有关成员国未能在欧洲委员会指定的期限内履行该决定，欧洲委员会可以将该事项提交欧洲法院裁决。”——译者注。
R. Rawlings 对此进行了分析，参见“Citizen Action and Institutional Attitudes in Commission Enforcement”, in: Eur. L. J (5), 2000, p. 4 ss.
例如 H.P. Nehl，Principles of Administrative Procedure in EC Law, Oxford, Hart Publ., 1999 一书并未考虑程序的概念。
凯尔森认为：“法律创制权威所制定的法律规范是规定性的（prescriptive）；法律科学所陈述的法律规则却是叙述性的（descriptive）。”（ 凯尔森著、沈宗灵译，《法与国家的一般理论》，中国大百科全书出版社1996年版，第49页。）在此，作者旨在强调初审法院创设的行政法原则具有法律规范的性质。——译者注。
30 May, Belvedere v. Italy and Carbonara v. Italy, in: Foro italiano, 2001, IV, p. 14.
Judgment of 2 August 2001, Etia s.r.l. v. Italy, in: Giornale di diritto amministrativo, 2002, p. 631.
S. Kadelbach, Allgemeines Verwaltungsrecht unter Europaschem Einfluss, cit.
P. Reuter, Le recours de la Cour de Justice des Commanutés à des principes généraux de droit, in Mélanges Rolin, Paris, Pedone, 1964, p. 263 ss.; J.A. Usher, ‘The influence of national concepts on decisions of the European Court’, in: Eur. L. Rev. (1), 1976, p. 359 ss.
H.J. Blanke, Vertrauenschutz im deutschen und europaischen Verwaltungsrecht, Tubingen, Mohr, 2000, 作者认为欧洲共同体对合法性期待（legitimate expectation）的保护是一种“开创性行为”（ingerenz）。
ECJ, case 222/86, Unectef, ECR 1987, 4097; J. Schwarze (ed.), Administrative Law under European influence, London, Sweet and Maxwell, 1996; F. Hervouet, Politique jurisprudentielle de la Cour de Justice et des juridictions nationales: récepetion du droit communautaire par le droit interne des Etats, in: Revue de Droit Public, 1992, p. 1257 et seq.
C. Harlow 是一个例外, 参见‘Francovich and the Problem of the Disobedient State’, in: Eur. L. J. (2), 1996, p. 199 ss. 参见 A. Stone Sweet, Integration and the Europeanization of the Law, unpublished manuscript, 2002.
C. Harlow, A Common European Law of Remedies?, in: C. Kilpatrick, T. Novitz and P. Stidmore (eds.), The Future of Remedies in Europe, Oxford, Hart, 2000, p. 73.
S. Cassese, Il concerto regolamentare europeo delle telecomunicazioni, in: S. Cassese, Lo spazio giuridico globale, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2003, p. 105.
ECJ, case 33/76, Rewe v. Landwirtschaftskammer Saarland ECR 1989, 1997. W. Van Gerven 曾专门对此提出了批评， 参见‘The invader invaded or the need to uncover general principles common to the laws of the member states’, in: G.C. Rodriguez Iglesias (ed.), Mélanges en hommage à Fernand Schockweiler, Baden-Baden, Nomos, 1999, p. 593. 有关这一问题的评论，参见J. Schwarze, ‘Judicial Review in EC Law – Some Reflections on the Origins and the Actual Legal Situation’, in Int. Comp. L. Quart. (51), 2002, p. 17.
ECJ, joined cases C-80, 81 and 82/99, Flemmer and Christoffel / EU Council and Commission,Leitensdorfer v. Bundesanstalt für Landswirschaft und Ernahrung, 尚未公布。
ECJ, case C-312/93, Peterbroeck ECR I – 4599; joined cases C-430/93 and 431/93, van Schijndel ECR I – 4075. 关于对此的批评，参见 C. Harlow, Voices of Difference in a Plural Community, EUI Jean Monnet working paper no. 3/2000. G.C. Rodriguez Iglesias 表达了不同的看法，参见Sui limiti dell’autonomia procedimentale e processuale degli stati membri nell’applicazione del diritto comunitario, in: Rivista italiana di diritto pubblico comunitario, 2001, p. 5 et seq.
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